Method and apparatus for making a bulky yarn

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for forming bulky yarn is disclosed wherein fibrous filaments, attenuated at a high velocity, are wrapped and tangled about a continuous fibrous strand by means of introducing the filaments into an inverted open cone rotating at high velocity, countercurrent to the flow of a fibrous strand introduced simultaneously into the open cone.

United States Patent Drummond 5] Nov. 11, 1975 [54] METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING 3,486,318 12/1969 Cannon et a1. 57/157 F A BU K 3,501,905 3/1970 Landwehrkamp et a1. 57/58.89

L Y YARN 3.543500 12/1970 Bancroft et a1. 57/58.89 5] n r: rr W- Drummond, A l 3.605395 9/1971 Morikawa et a1 57/58.89

Park, Pa. [73] Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc., Pittsbur h, P Primary Examiner-Donald E. Watkins Attorney, Agent, or FirmJohn E. Curley; Robert [22] Flled. Mar. 18, 1974 DeMajistre [21] Appl. No.: 452,106

[57] ABSTRACT 57/6; 57/16(;;)0517}/I5?.8g A method and apparatus for fo'rming bulky yam is [58] g 34 R closed wherein fibrous filaments, attenuated at a high 5 G i 6 velocity, are wrapped and tangled about a continuous 157 F fibrous strand by means of introducing the filaments into an inverted open cone rotating at high velocity, [56] References cued countercurrent to the flow of a fibrous strand intro- UNITED STATES PATENTS duced simultaneously into the open cone.

2.241.405 5/1941 Hyde et a1. 57/5 3.445.993 5/1969 Vorisek 57/58.95 X 33 Clams 3 Drawmg Fgures 17 [I2 I I 18 13 J 34 l 33 U.S. Patent Nov. 11, 1975 Sheet 1 of2 3,918,244

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US. Patent Nov. 11, 1975 Sheet 2 of2 3,918,244

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING A BULKY YARN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming bulky yarns.

Bulky yarns, composed of fibrous materials, are yarns whose bulk density is substantially less than the actual density of the materials of the yarn itself. Bulky yarns are characterized by their fluffy appearance and high degree of resilience.

Because of the novel characteristics of bulky yarns, textile manufacturers and fabricators have utilized bulky yarn for a plurality of textile products, requiring low bulk density, such as wearing apparel, certain types of draperies, carpeting and the like.

The producers of glass fibers are particularly interested in bulky yarnsdue to their low bulk density characteristic. Normally, glass fibers are heavier than those produced from other synthetic and natural fibers due to their inherent high bulk density and thus the utility of glass textile fibers is limited to applications where high bulk density textiles are tolerable. Bulky fiber glass yarns which have a substantially lower bulk density render glass fiber yarns useful for products not previously feasible with non-bulky fiber glass yarn.

In addition, multiple composition bulky glass yarns have been of interest to textile manufacturers due to the possibility of varying the physical properties of fabrics made from such yarns. Multi-composition yarns are formed by wrapping a yarn of one composition about a yarn of a different composition while bulking according to those methods known to skilled textile manufacturers.

A multitude of techniques have been used to bulk yarns of fiber glass and organic fibers, all of which require time consuming processes. The predominant general method of producing bulky yarns consists of forming protuberances by means of combining two yarns; hence, by wrapping an effect yarn in helical fashion about a core yarn and there after wrapping another yarn about the core and effect yarns to prevent slippage of the protuberances on the core yarn. A bulky yarn having a pseudo-twist is formed by this process. Another process for producing bulky yarn involves impinging high velocity air on the fibers in a strand by means of a bulking jet. In this system gas turbulence bulks the strands by separating the filaments in the yarn. After the separation of filaments, a binder is typically applied to the yarn to provide permanence to the filament separation. The aforementioned methods of forming bulky yarn are more fully disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,675,368 and 3,253,396. These are exemplary of the art, it being understood that many other processes and modification of these processes are available to the art.

The practice of the instant invention provides a method and apparatus for producing bulky yarns having an apparent permanent filament separation.

Further, the invention enables the production of bulky yarns in an efficient manner with a substantial reduction in processing time over some present commercial processes.

Still further, bulky yarns having differing fiber compositions therein can be made by the method and apparatus of the invention with relative ease.

Another advantage of the instant invention is that bulky yarns having a pseudo-twist are produced with minimum processing time.

The aforementioned advantages and characteristics of the invention will become more evident from the following description.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention comprises attenuating a plurality of 0 continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments at a high velocity while the filaments or groups of filaments are in essentially parallel relationship with respect to each other. The fibrous filaments or groups of filaments being attenuated at high velocity are then projected in a substantially straight line onto the interior surface of an inverted, rotating, truncated, open cone or onto or into contact with a core yarn traveling through the cone. When the glass fiber filaments or groups of filaments contact the cones interior surface, they are deflected onto, wrapped about and tangled around a continuous fibrous strand core yarn, which is simultaneously being drawn through the bottom of the open cone, in a direction approximately countercurrent to the travel path of the parallel fibrous filaments or groups of filaments. The core strand travels through the cone at a velocity less than the velocity of the fibrous filaments or groups of filaments. The bulky yarn thus formed is then collected by suitable means such as a take-up reel or winder.

The attenuation of the continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments can be accomplished by introducing the filaments or groups of filaments between at least two opposing flexible surfaces each moving in the same direction at substantially the same rate of speed, the flexible surfaces being engaged with one another during the movement thereof for a distance sufficient to impart a high velocity to the filaments or groups of filaments engaged by the flexible surfaces. To release the filaments or groups of filaments from the flexible surfaces, one of the opposing flexible surfaces is moved away from the other flexible surface to permit the filaments or groups of filaments to remain in contact with the moving flexible surface, then abruptly changing the direction of the movement of the flexible surface having the filaments or groups of filaments in contact therewith at a point on the flexible surface where the flexible surface and the filaments or groups of filaments are engaged until the direction of movement of the last flexible surface is at a sharp angle to the direction of movement of the filaments or groups of filaments. Further elucidation of the apparatus and method of the aforementioned attenuation is disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,293,013. However, the above described method of attenuation is not intended as the sole means of attenuating the filaments or groups of filaments. Thus, wheel pullers and other methods may be used so long as the velocity of the filaments or groups of filaments can reach values of i.e., 5,000 to 20,000 feet per minute or more and they can be maintained parallel to each other.

When groups of filaments are employed, the natural grouping of the filaments from the glass fiber forming bushing are utilized. These natural groupings are usually determined by the construction of the bushing and apparatus associated therewith. The orifices in the bushing from which the filaments are formed, are usually in groups of 5 to 50, thus providing a natural geometric grouping to the filaments which, in the case of the instant invention, is maintained until the fibers are released from the attenuator. Another natural grouping is by way of the cooling apparatus used to cool the filaments during formation. Cooling means, such as cooling fins, are placed proximate to the fiber forming bushing to reduce the temperature of the filaments during formation. The geometric positioning of the cooling provides a natural grouping to the filaments which is maintained in the instant invention until the filaments are released from the attenuator. These groupings usually contain 5 to 50 filaments. However, the filaments may be ungrouped in the practice of the invention. Further, filaments which were grouped during formation may be ungrouped before or during attenuation without adverse effects on the bulky yarn.

In a preferred embodiment, the inverted, truncated, open cone utilized in the process of the invention may be what is known in the art as an open-end spindle. The open-end spindle is in fact an inverted, open, truncated, cone supported by a bearing contacting the outer surface of the cone. The bearing is usually constructed of graphite in order that high speeds of rotation may be accomplished with minimal wear and heat buildup. The truncated portion of the cone is conveniently fitted with a pulley permanently attached thereto and driven by a belt which is suitably connected to a motor armature to provide the rotation necessary to operate the spindle. While this arrangement forms a preferred embodiment of the cone and drive system of the invention, other apparatus having a conical structure can be used provided the structure has a means for rotation at the speeds necessary to accomplish the desired effects. Typically, the speed of rotation of the open cone are on the order of 10,000 to 50,000 revolutions per minute, however, slower or faster speeds may be employed to produce yarn of a given bulk density and pseudo-twist characteristics.

The continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments of the invention can be of a plurality of compositions. Both natural and synthetic fibers may be bulked in accordance with the bulking technique hereinafter described. The continuous filaments or groups of filaments utilized in the process may be composed of mineral fibers, such as glass, quartz and the like; natural fibers, such as silk, cotton, wool, and the like; synthetic fibers, such as nylon, Orlon, Saran, acetate rayon and the like or semisynthetic fibers, such as aralac, Ardil, vicara and the like. The only limitaiton on the type and composition of continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments used in the invention is that they be continuous and that they be fibrous.

The source of the filaments or groups of filaments can be a plurality of forming packages or bobbins each containing a continuous filament or group of filaments or, in the case of synthetic and half-synthetic fibers, the source can be the spinneret from which the fibers are formed. When glass fibers are to be used as the fibrous filaments or groups of filaments in the practice of the invention, their source can be the bushing from which the glass fibers are formed. After the glass fibers are formed, but before they are contacted with any additional apparatus, the filaments or groups of filaments are lubricated by means of a size to prevent breaking of the filaments due to abrasion against each other and contact with processing apparatus. Suitable lubrication can be provided by applying water, wax emulsions, silicone coupling agents or other lubricants known to manufacturers of glass fibers.

The size may also contain other compounds such as starch, silicone resins and/or organic resinous materials to provide the fibers with dyeability properties and other desirable characteristics. The sizes may be used not only with glass fibers, but also with the organic fibers to provide desired properties,

The filaments or groups of filaments are preferably passed through a ribbonizer which places the filaments or groups of filaments in parallel relationship to each other, prior to introduction of the filaments or groups of filaments into the attenuator. Thus, the ribbonizer functions as a device to allow the filaments or groups of filaments to remain separate from each other prior to the combination of the filaments or groups of filaments with the strand.

The fibrous strand core yarn of the invention is formed from a plurality of either continuous filaments or staple fibers formed into a continuous strand or yarn. The continuous fibrous strand core yarn can be composed of virtually any composition limited only by the fact that it be fibrous and continuous. Examples of such fibers are cotton, flax, hemp, wool, hair, silk, glass, nylon, acetate rayon, rayon, aralac, Ardil, vicara, Saran, cellulose acetate rayon, cellulose acetate, asbestos and the like. The strand may also have deposited thereon a sizing composition as hereinbefore discussed.

As will be appreciated using mixtures of strands and filaments or groups of filaments, bulky yarns can be formed having diverse compositions such as in instances where the continuous fibrous filaments are of one chem cal composition and the continuous fibrous strand is of a different composition. Also, the continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments can be of diverse chemical composition, thus, bulky yarn having a great variety of chemical and physical properties can be produced by the practice of the invention.

The bulkiness of the yarn can be regulated by variations in the filament velocity, strand core yarn velocity and cone velocity. Thus, for example, by increasing the velocity of the filaments or groups of filaments over a given velocity in relation to a fixed velocity of the strand bulkier yam having a greater number of pseudotwists per inch of strand core yarn can be produced than at the given velocity in relation to a fixed velocity of the strand core yarn. Similarly varying the strand core yarn velocity passing through the cone in relation to a fixed filament velocity will vary the bulk of the yarn obtained as will variations in the cone speed.

The collecting device used in the practice of the invention can be a winder which is merely a rotating drum on which the bulky yarn is collected. Other means known to the art can also be used to collect the product of the invention.

When the continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments contact the surface of the inverted, rotating cone or the strand passing therethrough, they are traveling at such a velocity as to displace the fibrous filaments or groups of filaments into a random disorderly array while simultaneously wrapping them about the strand passing through the cone. Thus, the filaments or groups of filaments are permanently tangled about and wrapped around the traveling strand causing the bulky characteristics of the yarn produced. The bulky yarn thus formed is then wound on a collecting device which also serves as the means which draws the strand core yarn through the open cone. The resultant package of bulky yarn formed in the manner of the invention can then be further processed and fabricated into products and articles useful for many standard yarn purposes.

When glass fibers are used in the practice of the invention, after the bulky yarn is produced, it can be heat set. Heat setting entails heating the yarn to 800F. to 1,000F. which permanently sets the tangles and wrapping of the filaments about the strand. Also heat setting maintains the slight crimp present in the fibers composing the yarn.

To facilitate the tenacity of the bond between the strand core yarn and the filament wrapped and tangled thereabout, an adhesive composition may be applied to the strand core yarn. This adhesive is preferred to be applied to the strand at a time immediately preceding the entrance of the strand core yarn into the open cone. However, the adhesive may be applied after the bulky yarn is formed or during formation. This adhesive can be any organic material which provides the requisite adhesive characteristics to improve the bond between the filaments and strand core yarn such as polyvinyl acetate latex adhesive, gelatinous adhesives, polyester hot melt adhesives, and the like.

The method and apparatus of the invention will become more readily apparent from the consideration of the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is an elevational view partially in section of one form of the apparatus of this invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged elevational view of the attenuator used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the invention; and

FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevational view partially in section of the inverted open cone of FIG. 1.

In the various figures the same reference characters are used to refer to the same parts.

Turning now to FIG. 1, the filaments are shown being passed over a ribbonizer 11 which aligns the filaments into parallel relationship with respect to each other and prior to their being fed into the attenuator, generally designated by the numeral 12. In the attenuator 12, filaments 10 are drawn around the belt 13 while still in parallel relationship, and are passed between the belts 13 and 14. The belts 13 and 14 are driven by the pulleys 15 and 16 connected through the shafts l7 and 18, respectively. Shaft 18 is driven by a motor (not shown). The pulleys 15 and 16 drive the belts 13 and 14 at a radial velocity sufiicient to propel the filaments 10 in parallel when the belts are reflexed over the pins 33 and 34 into a space at the velocity preferably from 5,000 to 20,000 feet per minute. The filaments 10 are impinged upon the interior surface 19 of a rotatable inverted open cone 20. In this embodiment of the invention the rotatable, inverted, open cone 20 is known in the art as an open-end spindle. The open-end spindle 20 operating at preferably 10,000 to 50,000 revolutions per minute is driven by means of a belt 21, in riding contact with a pulley 22 which is fixedly mounted to the shaft 23 of the open-end spindle 20. The openend spindle 20 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 24, at the aforementioned velocity withh armature 9 and the pulley 8 fixedly mounted thereto. Thus, belt 21 rides on pulley 8 and pulley 22. As filaments 10 impinge on the surface of the inverted cone 19 or the strand core yarn, the filaments are displaced from their parallel form and are scattered into disarray within the open cone 20 while being simultaneously wrapped and tangled about strand 25 which is traveling vertically through the cone 20. The wrapping of the tangled filaments 10 about the strand 25 results in applying a pseudo-twist to the yarn 28. The strand core yarn 25 is traveling at a velocity of preferably 200 to 2,000 feet per minute as it passes through the cone 20. The velocity of both filaments 10 and the strand core yarn 25 may be adjusted to produce a variety of desired bulky yarn characteristics and pseudo-twists.

The continuous strand core yarn 25 is fed from a source, (not shown), such as a creel or bobbin, over a guide roll 26 which guides the strand core yarn 25 through the aperture 27 of the open-end spindle 20. After the bulky yarn 28 is formed, it is passed over an idler 29 which aids in the collection of the bulky yarn product. After passing over the idler 29, the bulky yarn 28 is contacted with a traverse 30, said traverse aiding in the winding of the bulky yarn in random patterns on a rotating drum 31. The rotating drum 31 is driven by a shaft member 32 connected to a suitable motor. The rotating drum 31 is driven at a velocity adequate to draw the strand core yarn 25 through the cone 20 at the desired speed.

Turning to FIG. 2, there is shown an enlarged view of the attenuator 12 of FIG. 1 propelling the filaments 10 into space. As shown therein, the belt 13 passes over the pulley 15 on the shaft 17. The idler is driven by the belt 13 which is driven by contacting the belt 14. The

belt 13 passes around the back end and bottom of the drive pulley 15 and is contacted with the second belt 14 which is rotating on the pulley 16 which is driven by a shaft 18, connected to a motor (not shown). The filaments 10, parallel to each other, are drawn between the surfaces of the two belts 13 and 14 to impart velocity to the filaments. The stationary pins 33 and 34 provide a pivot on which the belts are separated and the filaments 10 are propelled into space. The air bushing 35 supports and guides the belt 13 directing the travel thereof.

Turning to FIG. 3 there is shown an enlarged view, partially in section, of the spinning device 20 with the bulky yarn being formed therein. FIG. 3 shows the strand core yarn 25 being drawn from a source (not shown) around the free wheeling guide roll 26. The strand is then passed through the aperture 27 of the open-end cone 20 being driven by the belt 21 which is contacted to the open-end spindle 20 by means of the pulley 22. The pulley 22 is permanently attached to the shaft 23, and the belt 21, i.e., shown driven by the motor 24 by the armature 9 and an associated pulley 8. The exterior surface of the cone generally designated as 36 is in contact with an bearing 37 which, in this embodiment, is of graphite construction having an annular plenum chamber 38 to which air is introduced under pressure. The air graphite bearing 37 has a low coefficient of friction so that the open-end spindle 20, rotates the filaments 10 being impinged upon the interior surface 19 of the open-end spindle and being wrapped and tangled about the strand core yam 25.

While the invention has been described with reference to certain illustrative embodiments, it is not intended that the instant invention be limited thereby except insofar as appears in the accompanying claims.

I claim:

1. A method of' producing a bulky yarn comprising attenuating a plurality of continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments at a high velocity and while the filaments or groups of filaments are in an essentially parallel relationship with respect to each other, projecting through space the filaments or groups of filaments being attenuated at said high velocity and in a substantially straight line onto the interior surface of an inverted open cone having an aperture at the apex thereof, said cone rotating about the axis, said axis defined by the line connecting the center of the aperture at the apex of the said open cone and the center of the base of said open cone, said fibrous filaments or groups of filaments being deflected onto, wrapped about and tangled around a continuous fibrous strand being drawn through the open cone in a direction of travel from the apex to the base of said open cone at a velocity less than the velocity of the fibrous filaments and collecting the bulky yarn thus formed.

2. The method of claim 1 including applying an adhesive to said strand prior to said strands entrance into said inverted cone.

3. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim 1.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous filaments and the fibrous strand are different materials.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous filaments and the fibrous strand are of the same material.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous strand is glass fiber strand.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous strand and the fibrous filaments are glass.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous filaments are glass fiber filaments.

9. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim 7.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous strand is glass fiber strand and the fibrous filaments are glass fiber filaments.

11. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim 8.

12. A method of producing a bulky yarn comprising attenuating a plurality of fibrous filaments or groups of filaments in parallel at a velocity of 5,000 to 20,000 feet per minute, projecting the filaments or groups of filaments so attenuated at said velocity through space and in a substantially straight line, onto the interior surface of an open-end spindle, said spindle rotating at 10,000 to 50,000 revolutions per minute about an axis defined by a line connecting the center of the aperture at the apex of said spindle and the center of the base of said spindle, said fibrous filaments or groups of filaments being deflected onto, wrapped about and tangled around a continuous fibrous strand being drawn through the open-end spindle at a velocity of 200 to 2,000 feet per minute, the velocity of the fibrous filaments in a direction of travel from the apex to the base of said open-end spindle, and collecting the bulky yarn thus formed.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the velocity of the projecting fibrous filaments is 10,000 to 14,000 feet per minute.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein the velocity of the fibrous strand is 1,300 to 1,700 feet per minute.

15. The method of claim 12 wherein the open-end spindle is rotating at 20,000 revolutions per minute.

16. An apparatus comprising a high velocity attenuator, and inverted open cone having an aperture at the apex thereof and proximately spaced from said attenuator, to receive fibers projected from said attenuator,

means to propel said attenuator, means to rotate said inverted open cone about an axis defined by the line connecting the center of the aperture at the apex of said cone and the center of the base of said cone, means for feeding a continuous fibrous strand through the aperture at the apex of said cone and in a direction opposite the direction of travel of said fibers from said attenuator, and means for collecting a yarn formed by the attenuated fibers being wrapped about and tangled around said continuous fibrous strand by said cone.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the inverted open cone is an open-end spindle.

18. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the collecting device is a winder.

19. A method of producing a bulky yarn comprising, attenuating a plurality of continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments at a high velocity and while the filaments or groups of filaments are in an essentially parallel relationship with respect to each other, pro- 20 jecting through space the filaments or groups of filaments being attenuated at said high velocity and in a substantially straight line into the interior area of an inverted open cone having an aperture at the apex thereof, said cone rotating about the axis, said axis defined by the line connecting the center of the aperture of the apex of said cone and the center of the base of said open cone said fibers, said filaments or groups of filaments being impinged upon, wrapped about and tangled around a continuous fiber strand being drawn through the open cone in a direction of travel from the apex of the base of said open cone at a velocity less than the velocity of the fibrous filaments and collecting the bulky yarn thus formed.

20. The method of claim 19 including applying an adhesive to said strand prior to said strands entrance into said inverted cone.

21. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim 19.

22. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous filaments and the fibrous strand are different materials.

23. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous filaments and the fibrous strand are of the same material.

24. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous strand is glass fiber strand.

25. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous strand and the fibrous filaments are glass.

26. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous filaments are glass fiber filaments.

27. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim 25.

28. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous strand is glass fiber strand and the fibrous filaments are glass fiber filaments.

29. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim 25.

30. A method of producing a bulky yarn comprising attenuating a plurality of fibrous filaments or groups of filaments in parallel at a velocity of 5,000 to 20,000 feet per minute, projecting the filaments or groups of filaments so attenuated at said velocity through space and in a substantially straight line, into the interior area of an open-end spindle, said spindle rotating at 10,000 to 50,000 revolutions per minute about an axis defined by a line connecting the center of the aperture at the apex of said spindle and the center of the base of said spindle, said fibrous filaments or groups of filaments being impinged upon, wrapped about and tangled around a continuous fibrous strand being drawn the projecting fibrous filaments is 10,000 to 14,000 feet through the open-end spindle at a velocity of 200 to per minute.

2,000 feet per minute, the velocity of the fibrous fila- 32. The method of claim 30 wherein the velocity of ments in a direction of travel from the apex to the base the fibrous strand is 1,300 to 1,700 feet per minute.

of said open-end spindle, and collecting the bulky yarn 33. The method of claim 30 wherein the open-end thus formed. spindle is rotating at 20,000 revolutions per minute.

31. The method of claim 30 wherein the velocity of LII 

1. A method of producing a bulky yarn comprising attenuating a plurality of continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments at a high velocity and while the filaments or groups of filaments are in an essentially parallel relationship with respect to each other, projecting through space the filaments or groups of filaments being attenuated at said high velocity and in a substantially straight line onto the interior surface of an inverted open cone having an aperture at the apex thereof, said cone rotating about the axis, said axis defined by the line connecting the center of the aperture at the apex of the said open cone and the center of the base of said open cone, said fibrous filaments or groups of filaments being deflected onto, wrapped about and tangled around a continuous fibrous strand being drawn through the open cone in a direction of travel from the apex to the base of said open cone at a velocity less than the velocity of the fibrous filaments and collecting the bulky yarn thus formed.
 2. The method of claim 1 including applying an adhesive to said strand prior to said strand''s entrance into said inverted cone.
 3. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim
 1. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous filaments and the fibrous strand are different materials.
 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous filaments and the fibrous strand are of the same material.
 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous strand is glass fiber strand.
 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous strand and the fibrous filaments are glass.
 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous filaments are glass fiber filaments.
 9. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim
 7. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrous strand is glass fiber strand and the fibrous filaments are glass fiber filaments.
 11. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim
 8. 12. A method of producing a bulky yarn comprising attenuating a plurality of fibrous filaments or groups of filaments in parallel at a velocity of 5,000 to 20,000 feet per minute, projecting the filaments or groups of filaments so attenuated at said velocity through space and in a substantially straight line, onto the interior surfAce of an open-end spindle, said spindle rotating at 10,000 to 50,000 revolutions per minute about an axis defined by a line connecting the center of the aperture at the apex of said spindle and the center of the base of said spindle, said fibrous filaments or groups of filaments being deflected onto, wrapped about and tangled around a continuous fibrous strand being drawn through the open-end spindle at a velocity of 200 to 2,000 feet per minute, the velocity of the fibrous filaments in a direction of travel from the apex to the base of said open-end spindle, and collecting the bulky yarn thus formed.
 13. The method of claim 12 wherein the velocity of the projecting fibrous filaments is 10,000 to 14,000 feet per minute.
 14. The method of claim 12 wherein the velocity of the fibrous strand is 1,300 to 1,700 feet per minute.
 15. The method of claim 12 wherein the open-end spindle is rotating at 20,000 revolutions per minute.
 16. An apparatus comprising a high velocity attenuator, and inverted open cone having an aperture at the apex thereof and proximately spaced from said attenuator, to receive fibers projected from said attenuator, means to propel said attenuator, means to rotate said inverted open cone about an axis defined by the line connecting the center of the aperture at the apex of said cone and the center of the base of said cone, means for feeding a continuous fibrous strand through the aperture at the apex of said cone and in a direction opposite the direction of travel of said fibers from said attenuator, and means for collecting a yarn formed by the attenuated fibers being wrapped about and tangled around said continuous fibrous strand by said cone.
 17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the inverted open cone is an open-end spindle.
 18. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the collecting device is a winder.
 19. A method of producing a bulky yarn comprising, attenuating a plurality of continuous fibrous filaments or groups of filaments at a high velocity and while the filaments or groups of filaments are in an essentially parallel relationship with respect to each other, projecting through space the filaments or groups of filaments being attenuated at said high velocity and in a substantially straight line into the interior area of an inverted open cone having an aperture at the apex thereof, said cone rotating about the axis, said axis defined by the line connecting the center of the aperture of the apex of said cone and the center of the base of said open cone said fibers, said filaments or groups of filaments being impinged upon, wrapped about and tangled around a continuous fiber strand being drawn through the open cone in a direction of travel from the apex of the base of said open cone at a velocity less than the velocity of the fibrous filaments and collecting the bulky yarn thus formed.
 20. The method of claim 19 including applying an adhesive to said strand prior to said strand''s entrance into said inverted cone.
 21. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim
 19. 22. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous filaments and the fibrous strand are different materials.
 23. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous filaments and the fibrous strand are of the same material.
 24. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous strand is glass fiber strand.
 25. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous strand and the fibrous filaments are glass.
 26. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous filaments are glass fiber filaments.
 27. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim
 25. 28. The method of claim 19 wherein the fibrous strand is glass fiber strand and the fibrous filaments are glass fiber filaments.
 29. A bulky yarn produced according to the method of claim
 25. 30. A method of producing a bulky yarn comprising attenuating a plurality of fibrous filaments or groups of filaments in parallel at a velocity of 5,000 To 20,000 feet per minute, projecting the filaments or groups of filaments so attenuated at said velocity through space and in a substantially straight line, into the interior area of an open-end spindle, said spindle rotating at 10,000 to 50,000 revolutions per minute about an axis defined by a line connecting the center of the aperture at the apex of said spindle and the center of the base of said spindle, said fibrous filaments or groups of filaments being impinged upon, wrapped about and tangled around a continuous fibrous strand being drawn through the open-end spindle at a velocity of 200 to 2,000 feet per minute, the velocity of the fibrous filaments in a direction of travel from the apex to the base of said open-end spindle, and collecting the bulky yarn thus formed.
 31. The method of claim 30 wherein the velocity of the projecting fibrous filaments is 10,000 to 14,000 feet per minute.
 32. The method of claim 30 wherein the velocity of the fibrous strand is 1,300 to 1,700 feet per minute.
 33. The method of claim 30 wherein the open-end spindle is rotating at 20,000 revolutions per minute. 